Ni ukubera iki hakwiye kubaho ibihano bibujijwe kubyara umusaruro umwe rukumbi wa plastiki?

Umwanda wa plastike ni kimwe mu bibazo by’ibidukikije duhura nabyo muri iki gihe. Gukoresha plastike imwe gusa, nk'ibyatsi, imifuka, amacupa y’amazi, ibikoresho bya pulasitike, hamwe n’ibikoresho by’ibiribwa biri mu byagize uruhare runini mu myanda ya pulasitike. Ibihugu byinshi ku isi byashyize mu bikorwa ingamba zo kugabanya ikoreshwa rya plastiki imwe rukumbi, ariko hari abavuga ko kubuza ibicuruzwa ibicuruzwa ariwo muti wonyine. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma impamvu hagomba kubaho ibihano bibujijwe gukora ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa rimwe gusa.

Ikibazo hamwe-Gukoresha Ibicuruzwa bya Plastike

Ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bikoreshwa bikozwe mugihe gito kandi gifite intego; zikoreshwa rimwe hanyuma zijugunywa kure. Nubwo uruhare rwabo rugufi mubuzima bwacu, ibyo bikoresho bikunda kumara ibinyejana byinshi bitewe nigipimo cyangirika cyabyo (non-biodegradability). Ibizavamo ni kwiyongera kwinshi kwimyanda ya plastike mumyanda hamwe ninyanja kwisi. Ikiremwamuntu gikwiye gukomeza ningeso zacyo zo muri iki gihe cyo kubyara no gukoresha ibyo bintu bidasubirwaho ku kigero cyacyo? Umuntu ushyira mu gaciro ntazigera abisaba nkuko projection ibivuga ko muri 2050 dushobora kubona ukuri kubabaje: plastike irenze amafi mu nyanja yacu.

Usibye ubuzima bwo mu nyanja bugira ingaruka, umusaruro wa plastiki imwe rukumbi unagira uruhare mu myuka ihumanya ikirere ndetse n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Umusaruro wa plastiki no kujugunya bingana na 6% by’ibikoreshwa na peteroli ku isi, ibyo bikaba bigira uruhare runini mu myuka ihumanya ikirere.

Ibisubizo: Ibindi Kuri Koresha-Koresha Plastike

Hariho ubundi buryo bwinshi bwo gukoresha plastike imwe imwe iramba kandi yangiza ibidukikije. Dore ingero nke:

Imifuka ishobora gukoreshwa: Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryimifuka ishobora gukoreshwa, cyane cyane ikozwe mubikoresho nka fibre naturel, imyenda cyangwa canvas, irerekana uburyo bushimishije butandukanye namashashi. Hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi no kwihanganira ibintu biremereye, iyi mifuka iraramba cyane.

Ibyuma cyangwa ibyatsi:S. ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ni byiza cyane mubyatsi bya plastiki. Birashobora gukoreshwa kandi birashobora gusukurwa byoroshye, bigatuma bigira isuku kuruta ibyatsi bya plastiki. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, guhitamo gukoreshwa, guhitamo ubukungu byaba ibyatsi.

Ibirahuri hamwe nicyuma: Ibikoresho by'ibirahure hamwe nicyuma nuburyo bwiza cyane mubikoresho bya plastiki. Birashobora gukoreshwa, byoroshye koza, kandi ntibisiga imiti yangiza mubiryo. Ibi birashobora kuba bihenze gato none kuki utagerageza ibikoresho byimigano ya fibre fibre?

Ibikoresho by'imigano: Fibre naturel, nka fibre fibre, ibisheke bagasse, ipamba, na hemp ubu birakoreshwa mugukora ibiryo biribwa nka tray, amasahani, ibikombe nubundi buryo bwo gukoresha plastike imwe gusa nibicuruzwa bipfunyika. Ibi bikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa, biodegradable, birashobora kongerwa, kandi birambye. Ntabwo kandi byangiza inyamaswa n’ibinyabuzima iyo byajugunywe.

Amacupa y’amazi yuzuye: Amacupa yamazi yuzuye akozwe mubirahuri cyangwa ibyuma nuburyo bwiza cyane kumacupa yamazi ya plastike. Birashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi kandi biramba bihagije kumara imyaka.

Ni ukubera iki guhagarika ibihano ari ngombwa?

Nubwo kugabanya cyangwa kugabanya ikoreshwa rya plastiki imwe rukumbi ari ngombwa, ntibishobora kuba bihagije gukemura ikibazo cyumwanda. Guhagarika igipangu cyo gukora ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bikoreshwa rimwe birakenewe kubwimpamvu nyinshi:

Kugabanuka mu myanda ya plastiki

Guhagarika igipangu kububiko bwa plastike imwe gusa byagabanya cyane ubwinshi bwimyanda ya plastike yakozwe. Ibi byafasha kugabanya ubwinshi bwa plastike mu myanda n’inyanja, byaba ari intambwe ikomeye yo gukemura ikibazo cy’umwanda. Ubwanyuma dukeneye kubyara bike no gutunganya byinshi.

Shishikarizwa gukoresha ubundi buryo:

Guhagarika igipangu kibuza plastike imwe gusa byashishikarizwa gukoresha ubundi buryo nkibikoresho bya fibre fibre kubiribwa birambye kandi bitangiza ibidukikije. Ibi byafasha guteza imbere ihinduka ryubukungu buzenguruka aho umutungo ukoreshwa neza.

Kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere

Gukora no kujugunya plastike imwe rukumbi bigira uruhare mu kwangiza imyuka ya karubone n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Kubuza ibicuruzwa kubicuruzwa byafasha kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no guteza imbere ejo hazaza heza.

Ubwanyuma, umusaruro wibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bikoreshwa rimwe bigomba guhagarikwa burundu kugirango ikibazo cyanduye cya plastike. Nubwo ari ngombwa kugabanya inyuma ya plastike imwe-imwe, iki gisubizo cyonyine ntigishobora gukemura bihagije impungenge z’imyanda. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibihano byateganijwe byagabanya neza umubare w’ibinyabuzima bidashobora kwangirika rimwe gusa kandi bigashishikarizwa gukoresha ubundi buryo bwangiza ibidukikije. Ibi bikorwa ntabwo byafasha gusa gukumira ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ahubwo binatuma abantu bamenya imiterere yiki kibazo. Abantu bakeneye kandi gufatira hamwe imyanda ya plastike kandi bakagira uruhare runini mugushinga ejo hazaza heza.